diff --git a/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/bot.py b/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/bot.py
index c9046f7183b..754dc84305c 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/bot.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/bot.py
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ from .const import (
     CONF_API_ENDPOINT,
     CONF_CHAT_ID,
     CONF_PROXY_URL,
+    DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
     DOMAIN,
     EVENT_TELEGRAM_ATTACHMENT,
     EVENT_TELEGRAM_CALLBACK,
@@ -1107,12 +1108,26 @@ def initialize_bot(hass: HomeAssistant, p_config: MappingProxyType[str, Any]) ->
 
     api_key: str = p_config[CONF_API_KEY]
 
+    # set up timeouts to handle large file downloads and uploads
+    # server-side file size limit is 2GB
+    read_timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+    media_write_timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+
     proxy_url: str | None = p_config.get(CONF_PROXY_URL)
     if proxy_url is not None:
         proxy = httpx.Proxy(proxy_url)
-        request = HTTPXRequest(connection_pool_size=8, proxy=proxy)
+        request = HTTPXRequest(
+            connection_pool_size=8,
+            proxy=proxy,
+            read_timeout=read_timeout,
+            media_write_timeout=media_write_timeout,
+        )
     else:
-        request = HTTPXRequest(connection_pool_size=8)
+        request = HTTPXRequest(
+            connection_pool_size=8,
+            read_timeout=read_timeout,
+            media_write_timeout=media_write_timeout,
+        )
 
     base_url: str = p_config[CONF_API_ENDPOINT]
 
@@ -1151,7 +1166,9 @@ async def load_data(
             params["verify"] = verify_ssl
 
         retry_num = 0
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=15, headers=headers, **params) as client:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+            timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS, headers=headers, **params
+        ) as client:
             while retry_num < num_retries:
                 try:
                     req = await client.get(url)
@@ -1175,6 +1192,7 @@ async def load_data(
                     if data.read():
                         data.seek(0)
                         data.name = url
+                        _LOGGER.debug("file downloaded: %s", url)
                         return data
                     _LOGGER.warning("Empty data (retry #%s) in %s)", retry_num + 1, url)
                 retry_num += 1
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/const.py b/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/const.py
index adda79cf87f..a950c825840 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/const.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/telegram_bot/const.py
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ BOT_NAME = "telegram_bot"
 ERROR_FIELD = "error_field"
 ERROR_MESSAGE = "error_message"
 
+
+DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 1800  # 30 minutes
 DEFAULT_API_ENDPOINT = "https://api.telegram.org"
 DEFAULT_TRUSTED_NETWORKS = [ip_network("149.154.160.0/20"), ip_network("91.108.4.0/22")]
 
diff --git a/tests/components/telegram_bot/test_broadcast.py b/tests/components/telegram_bot/test_broadcast.py
index 0b3ee0066ee..11892f95cc1 100644
--- a/tests/components/telegram_bot/test_broadcast.py
+++ b/tests/components/telegram_bot/test_broadcast.py
@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 """Test Telegram broadcast."""
 
+from httpx import Request as HTTPXRequest
+
+from homeassistant.components.telegram_bot.bot import TelegramBotConfigEntry
+from homeassistant.components.telegram_bot.const import DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
 from homeassistant.core import HomeAssistant
 
 from tests.common import MockConfigEntry
 
 
 async def test_setup(
-    hass: HomeAssistant, mock_broadcast_config_entry: MockConfigEntry
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    mock_broadcast_config_entry: MockConfigEntry,
+    mock_external_calls: None,
 ) -> None:
     """Test setting up Telegram broadcast."""
     mock_broadcast_config_entry.add_to_hass(hass)
@@ -14,3 +20,10 @@ async def test_setup(
     await hass.async_block_till_done()
 
     assert hass.services.has_service("telegram_bot", "send_message") is True
+
+    config_entry: TelegramBotConfigEntry = hass.config_entries.async_get_known_entry(
+        mock_broadcast_config_entry.entry_id
+    )
+    request: HTTPXRequest = config_entry.runtime_data.bot.request
+    assert request.read_timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+    assert request._media_write_timeout == DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS