diff --git a/build/azure-pipelines/common/sanity-tests.yml b/build/azure-pipelines/common/sanity-tests.yml
index 4a4b1296d43..e37a65f4194 100644
--- a/build/azure-pipelines/common/sanity-tests.yml
+++ b/build/azure-pipelines/common/sanity-tests.yml
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ jobs:
     variables:
       TEST_DIR: $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/test/sanity
       LOG_FILE: $(TEST_DIR)/results.xml
+      DOCKER_CACHE_DIR: $(Pipeline.Workspace)/docker-cache
+      DOCKER_CACHE_FILE: $(DOCKER_CACHE_DIR)/${{ parameters.container }}.tar
     steps:
       - checkout: self
         fetchDepth: 1
@@ -82,6 +84,18 @@ jobs:
 
       # Linux Docker container
       - ${{ if ne(parameters.container, '') }}:
+        - task: Cache@2
+          inputs:
+            key: 'docker-v3 | "${{ parameters.container }}" | "${{ parameters.arch }}" | "$(Agent.OS)" | $(TEST_DIR)/containers/${{ parameters.container }}.dockerfile'
+            path: $(DOCKER_CACHE_DIR)
+            restoreKeys: docker-v3 | "${{ parameters.container }}" | "${{ parameters.arch }}" | "$(Agent.OS)"
+            cacheHitVar: DOCKER_CACHE_HIT
+          displayName: Download Docker Image
+
+        - bash: docker load -i "$(DOCKER_CACHE_FILE)"
+          condition: eq(variables.DOCKER_CACHE_HIT, 'true')
+          displayName: Load Docker Image
+
         - bash: |
             $(TEST_DIR)/scripts/run-docker.sh \
               --container "${{ parameters.container }}" \
@@ -94,6 +108,12 @@ jobs:
           workingDirectory: $(TEST_DIR)
           displayName: Run Sanity Tests
 
+        - bash: |
+            mkdir -p "$(DOCKER_CACHE_DIR)"
+            docker save -o "$(DOCKER_CACHE_FILE)" "${{ parameters.container }}"
+          condition: and(succeeded(), ne(variables.DOCKER_CACHE_HIT, 'true'))
+          displayName: Save Docker Image
+
       - task: PublishTestResults@2
         inputs:
           testResultsFormat: JUnit
diff --git a/test/sanity/scripts/run-docker.sh b/test/sanity/scripts/run-docker.sh
index e4dabb24d65..c7994c161ae 100755
--- a/test/sanity/scripts/run-docker.sh
+++ b/test/sanity/scripts/run-docker.sh
@@ -23,13 +23,18 @@ fi
 SCRIPT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 ROOT_DIR=$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)
 
-echo "Building container image: $CONTAINER"
-docker buildx build \
-	--platform "linux/$ARCH" \
-	${BASE_IMAGE:+--build-arg "BASE_IMAGE=$BASE_IMAGE"} \
-	--tag "$CONTAINER" \
-	--file "$ROOT_DIR/containers/$CONTAINER.dockerfile" \
-	"$ROOT_DIR/containers"
+# Only build if image doesn't exist (i.e., not loaded from cache)
+if ! docker image inspect "$CONTAINER" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+	echo "Building container image: $CONTAINER"
+	docker buildx build \
+		--platform "linux/$ARCH" \
+		${BASE_IMAGE:+--build-arg "BASE_IMAGE=$BASE_IMAGE"} \
+		--tag "$CONTAINER" \
+		--file "$ROOT_DIR/containers/$CONTAINER.dockerfile" \
+		"$ROOT_DIR/containers"
+else
+	echo "Using cached container image: $CONTAINER"
+fi
 
 echo "Running sanity tests in container"
 docker run \