diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/api/browser/mainThreadNotebookKernels.ts b/src/vs/workbench/api/browser/mainThreadNotebookKernels.ts
index 196ecaea1ea..e1190a65660 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/api/browser/mainThreadNotebookKernels.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/api/browser/mainThreadNotebookKernels.ts
@@ -440,4 +440,8 @@ export class MainThreadNotebookKernels implements MainThreadNotebookKernelsShape
 			emitter.fire(undefined);
 		}
 	}
+
+	$variablesUpdated(notebookUri: UriComponents): void {
+		this._notebookKernelService.notifyVariablesChange(URI.revive(notebookUri));
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHost.protocol.ts b/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHost.protocol.ts
index 7bb1c7cc4b4..a5675e79f1e 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHost.protocol.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHost.protocol.ts
@@ -1134,6 +1134,7 @@ export interface MainThreadNotebookKernelsShape extends IDisposable {
 	$removeKernelSourceActionProvider(handle: number, eventHandle: number): void;
 	$emitNotebookKernelSourceActionsChangeEvent(eventHandle: number): void;
 	$receiveVariable(requestId: string, variable: VariablesResult): void;
+	$variablesUpdated(notebookUri: UriComponents): void;
 }
 
 export interface MainThreadNotebookRenderersShape extends IDisposable {
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHostNotebookKernels.ts b/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHostNotebookKernels.ts
index 76eadcb84c3..164369d1212 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHostNotebookKernels.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/api/common/extHostNotebookKernels.ts
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ export class ExtHostNotebookKernels implements ExtHostNotebookKernelsShape {
 				checkProposedApiEnabled(extension, 'notebookVariableProvider');
 				_variableProvider = value;
 				data.hasVariableProvider = !!value;
+				value?.onDidChangeVariables(e => that._proxy.$variablesUpdated(e.uri));
 				_update();
 			},
 			get variableProvider() {
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/contrib/notebookVariables/notebookVariablesView.ts b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/contrib/notebookVariables/notebookVariablesView.ts
index 445c8e442be..eba684c4c9f 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/contrib/notebookVariables/notebookVariablesView.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/contrib/notebookVariables/notebookVariablesView.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 import { IObjectTreeElement } from 'vs/base/browser/ui/tree/tree';
 import { CancellationToken } from 'vs/base/common/cancellation';
+import { URI } from 'vs/base/common/uri';
 import * as nls from 'vs/nls';
 import { ILocalizedString } from 'vs/platform/action/common/action';
 import { ICommandService } from 'vs/platform/commands/common/commands';
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ export class NotebookVariablesView extends ViewPane {
 
 		this._register(this.editorService.onDidActiveEditorChange(this.handleActiveEditorChange.bind(this)));
 		this._register(this.notebookExecutionStateService.onDidChangeExecution(this.handleExecutionStateChange.bind(this)));
+		this._register(this.notebookKernelService.onDidNotebookVariablesUpdate(this.handleVariablesChanged.bind(this)));
 	}
 
 	protected override renderBody(container: HTMLElement): void {
@@ -105,6 +107,12 @@ export class NotebookVariablesView extends ViewPane {
 		}
 	}
 
+	private handleVariablesChanged(notebookUri: URI) {
+		if (this.activeNotebook && notebookUri.toString() === this.activeNotebook.uri.toString()) {
+			this.updateVariables(this.activeNotebook);
+		}
+	}
+
 	private async updateVariables(notebook: NotebookTextModel) {
 		const selectedKernel = this.notebookKernelService.getMatchingKernel(notebook).selected;
 		if (selectedKernel && selectedKernel.hasVariableProvider) {
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/services/notebookKernelServiceImpl.ts b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/services/notebookKernelServiceImpl.ts
index adc3249aab0..d86b1b7f928 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/services/notebookKernelServiceImpl.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/services/notebookKernelServiceImpl.ts
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ export class NotebookKernelService extends Disposable implements INotebookKernel
 	private readonly _onDidRemoveKernel = this._register(new Emitter<INotebookKernel>());
 	private readonly _onDidChangeNotebookAffinity = this._register(new Emitter<void>());
 	private readonly _onDidChangeSourceActions = this._register(new Emitter<INotebookSourceActionChangeEvent>());
+	private readonly _onDidNotebookVariablesChange = this._register(new Emitter<URI>());
 	private readonly _kernelSources = new Map<string, IKernelInfoCache>();
 	private readonly _kernelSourceActionsUpdates = new Map<string, IDisposable>();
 	private readonly _kernelDetectionTasks = new Map<string, INotebookKernelDetectionTask[]>();
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ export class NotebookKernelService extends Disposable implements INotebookKernel
 	readonly onDidChangeNotebookAffinity: Event<void> = this._onDidChangeNotebookAffinity.event;
 	readonly onDidChangeSourceActions: Event<INotebookSourceActionChangeEvent> = this._onDidChangeSourceActions.event;
 	readonly onDidChangeKernelDetectionTasks: Event<string> = this._onDidChangeKernelDetectionTasks.event;
+	readonly onDidNotebookVariablesUpdate: Event<URI> = this._onDidNotebookVariablesChange.event;
 
 	private static _storageNotebookBinding = 'notebook.controller2NotebookBindings';
 
@@ -201,6 +203,10 @@ export class NotebookKernelService extends Disposable implements INotebookKernel
 		}
 	}
 
+	notifyVariablesChange(notebookUri: URI): void {
+		this._onDidNotebookVariablesChange.fire(notebookUri);
+	}
+
 	registerKernel(kernel: INotebookKernel): IDisposable {
 		if (this._kernels.has(kernel.id)) {
 			throw new Error(`NOTEBOOK CONTROLLER with id '${kernel.id}' already exists`);
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/common/notebookKernelService.ts b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/common/notebookKernelService.ts
index 30c9bc59f57..6b1e5ca8c9b 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/common/notebookKernelService.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/common/notebookKernelService.ts
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ export interface INotebookKernelService {
 	readonly onDidRemoveKernel: Event<INotebookKernel>;
 	readonly onDidChangeSelectedNotebooks: Event<ISelectedNotebooksChangeEvent>;
 	readonly onDidChangeNotebookAffinity: Event<void>;
+	readonly onDidNotebookVariablesUpdate: Event<URI>;
 	registerKernel(kernel: INotebookKernel): IDisposable;
 
 	getMatchingKernel(notebook: INotebookTextModelLike): INotebookKernelMatchResult;
@@ -155,6 +156,8 @@ export interface INotebookKernelService {
 	registerKernelSourceActionProvider(viewType: string, provider: IKernelSourceActionProvider): IDisposable;
 	getKernelSourceActions2(notebook: INotebookTextModelLike): Promise<INotebookKernelSourceAction[]>;
 	//#endregion
+
+	notifyVariablesChange(notebookUri: URI): void;
 }
 
 export const INotebookKernelHistoryService = createDecorator<INotebookKernelHistoryService>('INotebookKernelHistoryService');
diff --git a/src/vscode-dts/vscode.proposed.notebookVariableProvider.d.ts b/src/vscode-dts/vscode.proposed.notebookVariableProvider.d.ts
index 02fa3f10b77..0071af59ff4 100644
--- a/src/vscode-dts/vscode.proposed.notebookVariableProvider.d.ts
+++ b/src/vscode-dts/vscode.proposed.notebookVariableProvider.d.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ declare module 'vscode' {
 	}
 
 	interface NotebookVariableProvider {
-		onDidChangeVariables: Event<void>;
+		onDidChangeVariables: Event<NotebookDocument>;
 
 		/** When parent is undefined, this is requesting global Variables. When a variable is passed, it's requesting child props of that Variable. */
 		provideVariables(notebook: NotebookDocument, parent: Variable | undefined, kind: NotebookVariablesRequestKind, start: number, token: CancellationToken): AsyncIterable<VariablesResult>;