diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineEntryFactory.ts b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineEntryFactory.ts
index 0671f846db6..087f5bd3e82 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineEntryFactory.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineEntryFactory.ts
@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ export class NotebookOutlineEntryFactory {
 		return entries;
 	}
 
-	public async cacheSymbols(textModel: ITextModel, outlineModelService: IOutlineModelService, cancelToken: CancellationToken) {
+	public async cacheSymbols(cell: ICellViewModel, outlineModelService: IOutlineModelService, cancelToken: CancellationToken) {
+		const textModel = await cell.resolveTextModel();
 		const outlineModel = await outlineModelService.getOrCreate(textModel, cancelToken);
 		const entries = createOutlineEntries(outlineModel.getTopLevelSymbols(), 7);
 		this.cellOutlineEntryCache[textModel.id] = entries;
diff --git a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineProvider.ts b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineProvider.ts
index 7e5f1d22b66..f87308334f0 100644
--- a/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineProvider.ts
+++ b/src/vs/workbench/contrib/notebook/browser/viewModel/notebookOutlineProvider.ts
@@ -107,11 +107,10 @@ export class NotebookCellOutlineProvider {
 		this._entries.length = 0;
 		if (notebookCells) {
 			const promises: Promise<void>[] = [];
-			for (const cell of notebookCells) {
-				if (cell.textModel) {
-					// gather all symbols asynchronously
-					promises.push(this._outlineEntryFactory.cacheSymbols(cell.textModel, this._outlineModelService, cancelToken));
-				}
+			// limit the number of cells so that we don't resolve an excessive amount of text models
+			for (const cell of notebookCells.slice(0, 100)) {
+				// gather all symbols asynchronously
+				promises.push(this._outlineEntryFactory.cacheSymbols(cell, this._outlineModelService, cancelToken));
 			}
 			await Promise.allSettled(promises);
 		}