package org.thoughtcrime.securesms.video.videoconverter;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.media.MediaCodec;
import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
import android.media.MediaExtractor;
import android.media.MediaFormat;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

import org.signal.core.util.logging.Log;
import org.thoughtcrime.securesms.video.interfaces.MediaInput;
import org.thoughtcrime.securesms.video.interfaces.Muxer;
import org.thoughtcrime.securesms.video.videoconverter.utils.Preconditions;
import org.thoughtcrime.securesms.video.videoconverter.utils.VideoConstants;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Locale;

final class AudioTrackConverter {

    private static final String TAG = "media-converter";
    private static final boolean VERBOSE = false; // lots of logging

    private static final String OUTPUT_AUDIO_MIME_TYPE = VideoConstants.AUDIO_MIME_TYPE; // Advanced Audio Coding
    private static final int OUTPUT_AUDIO_AAC_PROFILE = MediaCodecInfo.CodecProfileLevel.AACObjectLC; //MediaCodecInfo.CodecProfileLevel.AACObjectHE;

    private static final int SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
    private static final int TIMEOUT_USEC       = 10000;

    private final long mTimeFrom;
    private final long mTimeTo;
    private final int mAudioBitrate;

    final long mInputDuration;

    private final MediaExtractor mAudioExtractor;
    private final MediaCodec mAudioDecoder;
    private final MediaCodec mAudioEncoder;

    private final ByteBuffer            instanceSampleBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE);
    private final MediaCodec.BufferInfo instanceBufferInfo   = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();

    private final ByteBuffer[] mAudioDecoderInputBuffers;
    private ByteBuffer[] mAudioDecoderOutputBuffers;
    private final ByteBuffer[] mAudioEncoderInputBuffers;
    private ByteBuffer[] mAudioEncoderOutputBuffers;
    private final MediaCodec.BufferInfo mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo;
    private final MediaCodec.BufferInfo mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo;

    MediaFormat mEncoderOutputAudioFormat;

    boolean mAudioExtractorDone;
    private boolean mAudioDecoderDone;
    boolean mAudioEncoderDone;
    private boolean skipTrancode;

    private int     mOutputAudioTrack = -1;

    private int mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex = -1;
    long mMuxingAudioPresentationTime;

    private int mAudioExtractedFrameCount;
    private int mAudioDecodedFrameCount;
    private int mAudioEncodedFrameCount;

    private Muxer mMuxer;

    static @Nullable
    AudioTrackConverter create(
            final @NonNull MediaInput input,
            final long timeFrom,
            final long timeTo,
            final int audioBitrate,
            final boolean allowSkipTranscode) throws IOException {

        final MediaExtractor audioExtractor = input.createExtractor();
        final int audioInputTrack = getAndSelectAudioTrackIndex(audioExtractor);
        if (audioInputTrack == -1) {
            audioExtractor.release();
            return null;
        }
        return new AudioTrackConverter(audioExtractor, audioInputTrack, timeFrom, timeTo, audioBitrate, allowSkipTranscode);
    }

    private AudioTrackConverter(
            final @NonNull MediaExtractor audioExtractor,
            final int audioInputTrack,
            long timeFrom,
            long timeTo,
            int audioBitrate,
            final boolean allowSkipTranscode) throws IOException {

        mTimeFrom = timeFrom;
        mTimeTo = timeTo;
        mAudioExtractor = audioExtractor;
        mAudioBitrate = audioBitrate;

        final MediaCodecInfo audioCodecInfo = MediaConverter.selectCodec(OUTPUT_AUDIO_MIME_TYPE);
        if (audioCodecInfo == null) {
            // Don't fail CTS if they don't have an AAC codec (not here, anyway).
            Log.e(TAG, "Unable to find an appropriate codec for " + OUTPUT_AUDIO_MIME_TYPE);
            throw new FileNotFoundException();
        }
        if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio found codec: " + audioCodecInfo.getName());

        final MediaFormat inputAudioFormat = mAudioExtractor.getTrackFormat(audioInputTrack);
        mInputDuration = inputAudioFormat.containsKey(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION) ? inputAudioFormat.getLong(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION) : 0;

        skipTrancode = allowSkipTranscode && formatCanSkipTranscode(inputAudioFormat, audioBitrate);
        if (skipTrancode) {
            mEncoderOutputAudioFormat = inputAudioFormat;
        }

        if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio skipping transcoding: " + skipTrancode);

        final MediaFormat outputAudioFormat =
                MediaFormat.createAudioFormat(
                        OUTPUT_AUDIO_MIME_TYPE,
                        inputAudioFormat.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_SAMPLE_RATE),
                        inputAudioFormat.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT));
        outputAudioFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, audioBitrate);
        outputAudioFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_AAC_PROFILE, OUTPUT_AUDIO_AAC_PROFILE);
        outputAudioFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_MAX_INPUT_SIZE, SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE);

        // Create a MediaCodec for the desired codec, then configure it as an encoder with
        // our desired properties. Request a Surface to use for input.
        mAudioEncoder = createAudioEncoder(audioCodecInfo, outputAudioFormat);
        // Create a MediaCodec for the decoder, based on the extractor's format.
        mAudioDecoder = createAudioDecoder(inputAudioFormat);

        mAudioDecoderInputBuffers = mAudioDecoder.getInputBuffers();
        mAudioDecoderOutputBuffers = mAudioDecoder.getOutputBuffers();
        mAudioEncoderInputBuffers = mAudioEncoder.getInputBuffers();
        mAudioEncoderOutputBuffers = mAudioEncoder.getOutputBuffers();
        mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();
        mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo = new MediaCodec.BufferInfo();

        if (mTimeFrom > 0) {
            mAudioExtractor.seekTo(mTimeFrom * 1000, MediaExtractor.SEEK_TO_PREVIOUS_SYNC);
            Log.i(TAG, "Seek audio:" + mTimeFrom + " " + mAudioExtractor.getSampleTime());
        }
    }

    void setMuxer(final @NonNull Muxer muxer) throws IOException {
        mMuxer = muxer;
        if (mEncoderOutputAudioFormat != null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "muxer: adding audio track.");
            if (!mEncoderOutputAudioFormat.containsKey(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE)) {
                Log.d(TAG, "muxer: fixed MediaFormat to add bitrate.");
                mEncoderOutputAudioFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, mAudioBitrate);
            }
            if (!mEncoderOutputAudioFormat.containsKey(MediaFormat.KEY_AAC_PROFILE)) {
                Log.d(TAG, "muxer: fixed MediaFormat to add AAC profile.");
                mEncoderOutputAudioFormat.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_AAC_PROFILE, OUTPUT_AUDIO_AAC_PROFILE);
            }
            mOutputAudioTrack = muxer.addTrack(mEncoderOutputAudioFormat);
        }
    }

    void step() throws IOException {

        if (skipTrancode && mEncoderOutputAudioFormat != null) {
            try {
                extractAndRemux();
                return;
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Remuxer threw an exception! Disabling remux.", e);
                skipTrancode = false;
            }
        }

        // Extract audio from file and feed to decoder.
        // Do not extract audio if we have determined the output format but we are not yet
        // ready to mux the frames.
        while (!mAudioExtractorDone && (mEncoderOutputAudioFormat == null || mMuxer != null)) {
            int decoderInputBufferIndex = mAudioDecoder.dequeueInputBuffer(TIMEOUT_USEC);
            if (decoderInputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "no audio decoder input buffer");
                break;
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: returned input buffer: " + decoderInputBufferIndex);
            }
            final ByteBuffer decoderInputBuffer = mAudioDecoderInputBuffers[decoderInputBufferIndex];
            final int size = mAudioExtractor.readSampleData(decoderInputBuffer, 0);
            final long presentationTime = mAudioExtractor.getSampleTime();
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: returned buffer of size " + size);
                Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: returned buffer for time " + presentationTime);
            }
            mAudioExtractorDone = isAudioExtractorDone(size, presentationTime);

            if (mAudioExtractorDone) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: EOS");
                mAudioDecoder.queueInputBuffer(
                        decoderInputBufferIndex,
                        0,
                        0,
                        0,
                        MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM);
            } else {
                mAudioDecoder.queueInputBuffer(
                        decoderInputBufferIndex,
                        0,
                        size,
                        presentationTime,
                        mAudioExtractor.getSampleFlags());
            }
            mAudioExtractor.advance();
            mAudioExtractedFrameCount++;
            // We extracted a frame, let's try something else next.
            break;
        }

        // Poll output frames from the audio decoder.
        // Do not poll if we already have a pending buffer to feed to the encoder.
        while (!mAudioDecoderDone && mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex == -1
                && (mEncoderOutputAudioFormat == null || mMuxer != null)) {
            final int decoderOutputBufferIndex =
                    mAudioDecoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(
                            mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo, TIMEOUT_USEC);
            if (decoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "no audio decoder output buffer");
                break;
            }
            if (decoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: output buffers changed");
                mAudioDecoderOutputBuffers = mAudioDecoder.getOutputBuffers();
                break;
            }
            if (decoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) {
                if (VERBOSE) {
                    MediaFormat decoderOutputAudioFormat = mAudioDecoder.getOutputFormat();
                    Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: output format changed: " + decoderOutputAudioFormat);
                }
                break;
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: returned output buffer: " + decoderOutputBufferIndex);
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: returned buffer of size " + mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.size);
            }
            if ((mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG) != 0) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: codec config buffer");
                mAudioDecoder.releaseOutputBuffer(decoderOutputBufferIndex, false);
                break;
            }
            if (mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs < mTimeFrom * 1000 &&
                    (mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM) == 0) {
                if (VERBOSE)
                    Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: frame prior to " + mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs);
                mAudioDecoder.releaseOutputBuffer(decoderOutputBufferIndex, false);
                break;
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: returned buffer for time " + mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs);
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: output buffer is now pending: " + mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex);
            }
            mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex = decoderOutputBufferIndex;
            mAudioDecodedFrameCount++;
            // We extracted a pending frame, let's try something else next.
            break;
        }

        // Feed the pending decoded audio buffer to the audio encoder.
        while (mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex != -1) {
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: attempting to process pending buffer: " + mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex);
            }
            final int encoderInputBufferIndex = mAudioEncoder.dequeueInputBuffer(TIMEOUT_USEC);
            if (encoderInputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "no audio encoder input buffer");
                break;
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: returned input buffer: " + encoderInputBufferIndex);
            }
            final ByteBuffer encoderInputBuffer = mAudioEncoderInputBuffers[encoderInputBufferIndex];
            final int size = mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.size;
            final long presentationTime = mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs;
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: processing pending buffer: " + mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex);
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: pending buffer of size " + size);
                Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: pending buffer for time " + presentationTime);
            }
            if (size >= 0) {
                final ByteBuffer decoderOutputBuffer = mAudioDecoderOutputBuffers[mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex].duplicate();
                decoderOutputBuffer.position(mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.offset);
                decoderOutputBuffer.limit(mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.offset + size);
                encoderInputBuffer.position(0);
                encoderInputBuffer.put(decoderOutputBuffer);

                mAudioEncoder.queueInputBuffer(
                        encoderInputBufferIndex,
                        0,
                        size,
                        presentationTime,
                        mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.flags);
            }
            mAudioDecoder.releaseOutputBuffer(mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex, false);
            mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex = -1;
            if ((mAudioDecoderOutputBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM) != 0) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio decoder: EOS");
                mAudioDecoderDone = true;
            }
            // We enqueued a pending frame, let's try something else next.
            break;
        }

        // Poll frames from the audio encoder and send them to the muxer.
        while (!mAudioEncoderDone && (mEncoderOutputAudioFormat == null || mMuxer != null)) {
            final int encoderOutputBufferIndex = mAudioEncoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo, TIMEOUT_USEC);
            if (encoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "no audio encoder output buffer");
                break;
            }
            if (encoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: output buffers changed");
                mAudioEncoderOutputBuffers = mAudioEncoder.getOutputBuffers();
                break;
            }
            if (encoderOutputBufferIndex == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: output format changed");
                Preconditions.checkState("audio encoder changed its output format again?", mOutputAudioTrack < 0);

                mEncoderOutputAudioFormat = mAudioEncoder.getOutputFormat();
                break;
            }
            Preconditions.checkState("should have added track before processing output", mMuxer != null);
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: returned output buffer: " + encoderOutputBufferIndex);
                Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: returned buffer of size " + mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.size);
            }
            final ByteBuffer encoderOutputBuffer = mAudioEncoderOutputBuffers[encoderOutputBufferIndex];
            if ((mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG) != 0) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: codec config buffer");
                // Simply ignore codec config buffers.
                mAudioEncoder.releaseOutputBuffer(encoderOutputBufferIndex, false);
                break;
            }
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: returned buffer for time " + mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs);
            }
            if (mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.size != 0) {
                mMuxer.writeSampleData(mOutputAudioTrack, encoderOutputBuffer, mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo);
                mMuxingAudioPresentationTime = Math.max(mMuxingAudioPresentationTime, mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs);
            }
            if ((mAudioEncoderOutputBufferInfo.flags & MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM) != 0) {
                if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: EOS");
                mAudioEncoderDone = true;
            }
            mAudioEncoder.releaseOutputBuffer(encoderOutputBufferIndex, false);
            mAudioEncodedFrameCount++;
            // We enqueued an encoded frame, let's try something else next.
            break;
        }
    }

    void release() throws Exception {
        Exception exception = null;
        try {
            if (mAudioExtractor != null) {
                mAudioExtractor.release();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "error while releasing mAudioExtractor", e);
            exception = e;
        }
        try {
            if (mAudioDecoder != null) {
                mAudioDecoder.stop();
                mAudioDecoder.release();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "error while releasing mAudioDecoder", e);
            if (exception == null) {
                exception = e;
            }
        }
        try {
            if (mAudioEncoder != null) {
                mAudioEncoder.stop();
                mAudioEncoder.release();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "error while releasing mAudioEncoder", e);
            if (exception == null) {
                exception = e;
            }
        }
        if (exception != null) {
            throw exception;
        }
    }

    AudioTrackConverterState dumpState() {
        return new AudioTrackConverterState(
            mAudioExtractedFrameCount, mAudioExtractorDone,
            mAudioDecodedFrameCount, mAudioDecoderDone,
            mAudioEncodedFrameCount, mAudioEncoderDone,
            mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex,
            mMuxer != null, mOutputAudioTrack);
    }

    void verifyEndState() {
        Preconditions.checkState("no frame should be pending", -1 == mPendingAudioDecoderOutputBufferIndex);
    }

    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant") // flags extracted from sample by MediaExtractor should be safe for MediaCodec.BufferInfo
    private void extractAndRemux() throws IOException {
        if (mMuxer == null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "audio remuxer: tried to execute before muxer was ready");
            return;
        }
        int  size             = mAudioExtractor.readSampleData(instanceSampleBuffer, 0);
        long presentationTime = mAudioExtractor.getSampleTime();
        int  sampleFlags      = mAudioExtractor.getSampleFlags();
        if (VERBOSE) {
            Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: returned buffer of size " + size);
            Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: returned buffer for time " + presentationTime);
            Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: returned buffer with flags " + Integer.toBinaryString(sampleFlags));
        }
        mAudioExtractorDone = isAudioExtractorDone(size, presentationTime);

        if (mAudioExtractorDone) {
            if (VERBOSE) Log.d(TAG, "audio encoder: EOS");
            instanceBufferInfo.set(0, 0, presentationTime, MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM);
            mAudioEncoderDone = true;
        } else {
            instanceBufferInfo.set(0, size, presentationTime, sampleFlags);
        }

        mMuxer.writeSampleData(mOutputAudioTrack, instanceSampleBuffer, instanceBufferInfo);

        if (VERBOSE) {
            Log.d(TAG, "audio extractor: wrote sample at " + presentationTime);
        }

        mAudioExtractor.advance();

        mAudioExtractedFrameCount++;
        mAudioEncodedFrameCount++;
        mMuxingAudioPresentationTime = Math.max(mMuxingAudioPresentationTime, presentationTime);
    }

    private boolean isAudioExtractorDone(int size, long presentationTime) {
        return presentationTime == -1 || size < 0 || (mTimeTo > 0 && presentationTime > mTimeTo * 1000);
    }

    private static @NonNull
    MediaCodec createAudioDecoder(final @NonNull MediaFormat inputFormat) throws IOException {
        final MediaCodec decoder = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType(MediaConverter.getMimeTypeFor(inputFormat));
        decoder.configure(inputFormat, null, null, 0);
        decoder.start();
        return decoder;
    }

    private static @NonNull
    MediaCodec createAudioEncoder(final @NonNull MediaCodecInfo codecInfo, final @NonNull MediaFormat format) throws IOException {
        final MediaCodec encoder = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(codecInfo.getName());
        encoder.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE);
        encoder.start();
        return encoder;
    }

    private static int getAndSelectAudioTrackIndex(MediaExtractor extractor) {
        for (int index = 0; index < extractor.getTrackCount(); ++index) {
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "format for track " + index + " is " + MediaConverter.getMimeTypeFor(extractor.getTrackFormat(index)));
            }
            if (isAudioFormat(extractor.getTrackFormat(index))) {
                extractor.selectTrack(index);
                return index;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    private static boolean isAudioFormat(final @NonNull MediaFormat format) {
        return MediaConverter.getMimeTypeFor(format).startsWith("audio/");
    }

    /**
     * HE-AAC input bitstreams exhibit bad decoder behavior: the decoder's output buffer's presentation timestamp is way larger than the input sample's.
     * This mismatch propagates throughout the transcoding pipeline and results in slowed, distorted audio in the output file.
     * To sidestep this: AAC and its variants are a supported output codec, and HE-AAC bitrates are almost always lower than our target bitrate,
     * so we can pass through the input bitstream unaltered, relying on consumers of the output file to render HE-AAC correctly.
     */
    private static boolean formatCanSkipTranscode(MediaFormat audioFormat, int desiredBitrate) {
        try {
            int    inputBitrate  = audioFormat.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE);
            String inputMimeType = audioFormat.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME);
            return OUTPUT_AUDIO_MIME_TYPE.equals(inputMimeType) && inputBitrate <= desiredBitrate;
        } catch (NullPointerException exception) {
            if (VERBOSE) {
                Log.d(TAG, "could not find bitrate in mediaFormat, can't skip transcoding.");
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
}
