Jan Čermák
2cd8cf450d
Borrow shrinking used in home-assistant/operating-system-full-images for reducing the data partition size to only fit its contents. Currently the data partition is intentionally overprovisioned to comfortably fit all docker images in the hassio build. This results in unnecessarily large image which takes longer to flash, as all the zeroes at the end of the filesystem need to be written to the SD card. For OVA and aarch64 VM formats, the image is resized before creating the VM images - this also makes all generic-aarch64 images sized to 32GB, unlike 6GB which inherently needed resizing before use. Some juggling extra juggling is needed in the aarch64 post-image step, as we want to preserve the raw image (e.g. for generic aarch64 boards) but it's desirable to keep it minimal as well, as it's meant to be flashed to real hardware storage.
Home Assistant Operating System
Home Assistant Operating System (formerly HassOS) is a Linux based operating system optimized to host Home Assistant and its Apps.
Home Assistant Operating System uses Docker as its container engine. By default it deploys the Home Assistant Supervisor as a container. Home Assistant Supervisor in turn uses the Docker container engine to control Home Assistant Core and Apps in separate containers. Home Assistant Operating System is not based on a regular Linux distribution like Ubuntu. It is built using Buildroot and it is optimized to run Home Assistant. It targets single board compute (SBC) devices like the Raspberry Pi or ODROID but also supports x86-64 systems with UEFI.
Features
- Lightweight and memory-efficient
- Minimized I/O
- Over The Air (OTA) updates
- Offline updates
- Modular using Docker container engine
Supported hardware
The list of supported hardware is defined by ADR-0015. Every new hardware addition must meet at least requirements defined in ADR-0017 and pass through an architecture design proposal.
For documentation explaining details of the individual supported boards, see Board support section of the Home Assistant Developer Docs.
Getting Started
If you just want to use Home Assistant the official getting started guide and installation instructions take you through how to download Home Assistant Operating System and get it running on your machine.
If you're interested in finding out more about Home Assistant Operating System and how it works read on...
Development
If you don't have experience with embedded systems, Buildroot or the build process for Linux distributions it is recommended to read up on these topics first (e.g. Bootlin has excellent resources).
The Home Assistant Operating System documentation can be found on the Home Assistant Developer Docs website.
Components
- Bootloader:
- Operating System:
- Buildroot LTS Linux
- File Systems:
- Container Platform:
- Docker Engine for running Home Assistant components in containers
- Updates:
- RAUC for Over The Air (OTA) and USB updates
- Security:
- AppArmor Linux kernel security module
Development builds
The Development build GitHub Action Workflow is a manually triggered workflow which creates Home Assistant OS development builds. The development builds are available at https://os-artifacts.home-assistant.io/index.html.